Data model

Complete data dictionary of all financial models, key fields, relational constraints, and database indexes.

1. Overview & Business Value#

This comprehensive operational guide details the architecture, business workflows, configuration parameters, and execution steps for Data model within SmartERP.

This page is the technical data dictionary for SmartERP Financial Operations models.

[finance-data-model]

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2. Prerequisites & Security Access Groups#

Required Modules: account, smarterp_finance, smarterp_ethiopian_payroll
Security Groups:
- Show Full Accounting Features (Technical ID: account.group_account_user)
- Billing Administrator / Financial Controller (Technical ID: account.group_account_manager)
- Chief Financial Officer / Auditor (Technical ID: account.group_account_readonly)
Master Data Dependencies: Chart of accounts, statutory tax definitions (VAT 15%, WHT 2%/30%), payment terms, and open fiscal periods for Company 1 (Ashewa Technology Solutions S.C.).

3. Step-by-Step Configuration & Execution#

Step 1: Navigating to the Module Interface#

Log into your SmartERP instance at https://smarterp.et/odoo.
Open the main App Switcher (grid icon in the top-left corner).
Select the Accounting app icon.
From the top navigation bar, open Accounting → Customers / Vendors / Accounting / Configuration.

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Step 2: Creating and Parameterizing Records#

Click the New button in the top-left control panel.
Complete the mandatory fields in the record form:
- Name / Reference (Mandatory): Unique identifier or auto-generated voucher sequence number
- Accounting Date (Mandatory): Effective posting date falling within an open fiscal period
- Journal (Mandatory): Designated financial journal (Cash, Bank, Customer Invoices, Vendor Bills, Miscellaneous)
- Partner / Entity (Mandatory): Registered customer, vendor, or employee partner record (res.partner)
Configure optional operational parameters and localized tags as required:
- Analytic Distribution (Optional): Cost center or project allocation percentage
- Tax Treatment (Optional): Statutory withholding tax or VAT exemption certificate
- Payment Reference (Optional): Commercial bank transaction reference or cheque number
Click the Save icon in the control bar to commit the record.

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Step 3: Validating and Processing Transactions#

State Transitions: Execute operational state progression (Draft → In Payment / Confirmed → Posted / Reconciled).
Ledger & System Impact: Generates immutable double-entry journal items (account.move.line) updating general ledger balances, trial balance, and statutory tax registers.
Audit Verification: Automated recording of author ID, timestamp, and immutable revision history.

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Core models#

`account.move` (Journal Entry & Invoices)#

Field Name	Type	Description
`name`	`Char`	Sequential transaction number (e.g. `INV/2026/00142`, `JV/2026/00084`).
`date`	`Date`	Accounting value date.
`state`	`Selection`	State: `draft`, `posted`, `cancel`.
`journal_id`	`Many2one`	Relational pointer to `account.journal`.
`line_ids`	`One2many`	Associated debit and credit items (`account.move.line`).
`amount_total`	`Monetary`	Total transaction value in company currency.

`account.payment` (Disbursements and Collections)#

Field Name	Type	Description
`payment_delivery_type`	`Selection`	`bank`, `cpv`, `crv`, `bpv`.
`cpv_state`	`Selection`	`draft`, `prepared`, `authorized`, `approved`.
`cpv_sequence_number`	`Char`	Printed cheque payment voucher pad serial.
`cheque_number`	`Char`	Bank physical cheque leaf serial number.
`payee_name`	`Char`	Legal payee title in English and Geez/Amharic.
`wht_amount`	`Monetary`	Deducted withholding tax sum.

`petty.cash.fund` (Imprest Funds)#

Field Name	Type	Description
`name`	`Char`	Descriptive fund title.
`custodian_id`	`Many2one`	Custodian user (`res.users`).
`max_amount`	`Monetary`	Approved total imprest float.
`threshold_amount`	`Monetary`	Replenishment trigger threshold balance.
`state`	`Selection`	`draft`, `active`, `closed`.

4. Advanced Configuration Points#

Automated Actions & Scheduled Tasks (Crons):
- Account: Automatic reconciliation (account.ir_cron_auto_reconcile): Runs nightly to match open ledger transactions
- Asset: Compute depreciation lines (account_asset.ir_cron_compute_depreciation): Runs monthly on the 30th to compute fixed asset depreciation schedules
- Tax: Generate VAT and WHT schedules (smarterp_finance.ir_cron_tax_schedules): Runs monthly to prepare MOR tax return summaries
Custom Print Templates & Reports:
- Official Cash Receipt Voucher (CRV)
- Bank Payment Voucher (BPV) & Cheque Payment Voucher (CPV)
- Withholding Tax Certificate (Form 3.4)
- General Ledger & Trial Balance Audit Schedules
Multi-Company Rules: Record-level security isolation under Company 1 (Ashewa Technology Solutions S.C.), preventing cross-company ledger leakage across parent and subsidiary legal entities.

5. Comprehensive Troubleshooting Matrix#

Error Symptom / Exception	Probable Root Cause	Corrective Action / Resolution
`Access Rights Error: Operation not allowed on account.move`	User account lacks accounting operator privileges.	Assign the user to `account.group_account_user` or `account.group_account_manager` under Settings → Users.
`Validation Error: Missing analytic distribution`	Selected general ledger account mandates cost center allocation for IFRS compliance.	Populate the analytic distribution column on all debit and credit lines before posting.
`Posting Blocked: Fiscal period closed`	Transaction date falls within an immutable locked accounting period.	Select a transaction date within the open fiscal year or request an authorized period reopening under Accounting Settings.
`Tax Imbalance: WHT withholding variance`	Withholding deduction does not match statutory 2% goods or 30% service rate.	Verify vendor TIN registration status in partner master and recalculate statutory tax lines.

Next#

Security reference: Security reference.
Automation reference: Automation reference.